Expectations (prognosis)
Cluster headaches are not life-threatening and usually cause no permanent structural changes. However, they are chronic and may be painful enough to be debilitating as they are happening, and this may interfere with work or lifestyle. Occasionally, the pain may be severe enough to drive some individuals to attempt suicide. Side effects of medications or surgery may be severe.
Complications
- Interference with lifestyle
- Side effects of medications (see the specific medication)
- Permanent muscle weakness in parts of the face or head after surgery
- Decreased sensation in parts of the face or head after surgery
- Horner's syndrome (not a medical problem, but can be distressing due to cosmetic effects)
Calling your health care provider
Call for an appointment with your health care provider if cluster headaches do not respond to treatment, if headaches disturb sleep, if they happen whenever you are active, or are accompanied by other symptoms.
Emergency symptoms include drowsiness, vision changes, changes in movement or sensation, seizures, changes in alertness, and nausea or vomiting.
Prevention
If prone to cluster headache, stop smoking. Alcohol use and any foods that are associated with cluster headache may need to be avoided. Medications may prevent cluster headaches in some cases.
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