Electroconvulsive therapy Health Article

Definition

Electroconvulsive therapy is a treatment for depression that uses electricity to induce a seizure.

Alternative Names

Shock treatment; ECT

How the test is performed

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is most often performed in a hospital's operating or recovery room under general anesthesia. Electricity is delivered to the brain for several seconds to cause seizure activity. Medicine is given to prevent the seizure from spreading throughout the body. Typically, ECT is given 3 times a week for a total of 6 to 12 sessions.

How to prepare for the test

Because general anesthesia is used for this procedure, you will be advised to not eat or drink before ECT.

Ask your health care provider whether you should take any daily medications in the morning before ECT.

How the test will feel

Some people report mild confusion and headache following ECT. Hospital staff monitor the patient closely after the procedure to ensure complete recovery.

Why the test is performed

ECT is a highly effective treatment for depression. It is also used to treat bipolar disorder, catatonia, and some psychotic disorders.

What the risks are

Possible side effects from ECT include:

• Confusion
• Memory loss
• Headache
• Hypotension
• Tachycardia
• Allergic reaction to the anesthesia

Special considerations

Some medical conditions place patients at greater risk for side effects of ECT. Discuss any such conditions or concerns with your health care provider when deciding whether ECT is right for you.