Lyme disease - chronic persistent Health Article

Definition

Chronic persistent Lyme disease is a late stage of an inflammatory disease caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi.

See also:

• Lyme disease
• Lyme disease - primary
• Lyme disease - early disseminated

Alternative Names

Tertiary Lyme disease; Stage 3 Lyme disease; Late persistent Lyme disease

Causes, incidence, and risk factors

Lyme disease is transmitted by the bite of a deer tick. Tertiary Lyme disease occurs months to years after the initial infection with Lyme disease.

Symptoms

Chronic persistent Lyme disease can affect the skin; brain and nervous system; and muscles, bones, and cartilage.

Symptoms include:

• Chronic arthritis
• Joint inflammation in the knees and other large joints
• Memory loss
• Mood changes
• Sleep disorders

Other symptoms that may be associated with this disease:

• Abnormal sensitivity to light
• Confusion
• Decreased consciousness
• Numbness and tingling

Signs and tests

• ELISA shows antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi. A Western blot test is done to confirm ELISA results.
• Spinal tap will be abnormal if central nervous system signs are present.

Treatment

The objective of treatment is to eliminate the infection with antibiotic therapy. Medications sometimes need to be given through a vein (intravenous).

Expectations (prognosis)

Arthritis symptoms may not get better with treatment. Other symptoms should improve with treatment.

Complications

• Continued arthritis

Calling your health care provider

Call your health care provider if you develop symptoms, especially if you have had Lyme disease before, or live or travel in high-risk areas.

Prevention

Early diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic treatment for primary Lyme disease is the most effective way to prevent tertiary Lyme disease.