Magnetic resonance angiography Health Article

Definition

Magnetic resonance angiography is an MRI exam of the blood vessels. Unlike traditional angiography that involves placing a tube (catheter) into the body, MRA is considered non-invasive.

Alternative Names

MRA; Angiography - magnetic resonance

How the test is performed

You will lie down on a narrow table, which slides into a large tunnel-like tube inside the MRI scanner. You must lie very still during the exam because movement can make the images blurry.

The MRI uses very powerful magnets and radio waves to create clear, detailed pictures of the body. Because of the strong magnets, metal objects must stay outside the room.

A complete scan may take 1 hour or more. In some cases, a dye (contrast medium) is needed to make blood vessels show up better during the MRI. The contrast medium will be given through a needle (IV) placed in your arm.

How to prepare for the test

Most places require you to wear a medical gown. You must remove all jewelry and all other metal objects, including watches, and leave them outside the exam room.

Make sure you tell the radiologist if you have any of the following:

• Metal screws, pins, plates, or staples in your body
• Heart pacemaker
• Intrauterine device (IUD)
• Any type of metal implant in the ear or eye
• Bullet fragments in the body
• Implanted neurostimulator
• Insulin or chemotherapy port

If you are pregnant, be sure to tell your doctor and radiologist before having this test.

How the test will feel

The exam is not painful. Some people may feel some pain when the IV is placed into the arm. In addition, some people may have anxiety because the scanner is very close to the body. If you are claustrophobic, tell your health care provider. You may be given a mild sedative.

The table may be hard or cold. You may wish to ask for a blanket or pillow.

The machine produces loud thumping and humming noises. Ear plugs are usually given to reduce the noise.

Why the test is performed

Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) is a less-invasive alternative to traditional arteriography (angiography), which uses x-rays.

MRA is used to look at the blood vessels in all parts of the body, including the head, heart, abdomen, lungs, kidneys, and legs.

It may be used to diagnose or evaluate conditions such as:

• Arterial aneurysm
• Aortic coarctation
• Aortic dissection
• Stroke
• Blood vessel diseases
• Heart disorders
• Atherosclerosis
• Kidney disease
• Renal artery stenosis (narrowing of the blood vessels in the kidneys)

Normal Values

A normal result shows normal blood vessels without any signs of narrowing or blockage.

What abnormal results mean

An abnormal exam shows a problem with one or more blood vessels. This may suggest atherosclerosis, trauma, a congenital disease, or other vascular condition.

What the risks are

MR angiography is generally safe. However, people have been harmed in MRI machines when metal was in their body or a metal object was in the room. It is very important to tell your health care provider of any metal implants and to always remove all metal from your body and clothing before the test.

References

Grainger RC, Allison D, Adam, Dixon AK. Diagnostic Radiology: A Textbook of Medical Imaging. 4th ed. Orlando, Fl: Churchill Livingstone; 2001:113-114.

Vogt FM. MR angiography of the chest. Radiol Clin North Am. JAN-2003;41(1):29-41.

Walsh PC. Campbell's Urology. 8th ed. St. Louis, Mo: WB Saunders; 2002:150-151.