Pulmonary tuberculosis is caused by the bacteriaMycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis). You can get tuberculosis by breathing in air droplets from a cough or sneeze of an infected person.
In the United States, most people will recover from primary TB infection without further evidence of the disease. The infection may stay asleep or nonactive (dormant) for years and then reactivate.
Most people who develop symptoms of a TB infection first became infected in the past. However, in some cases, the disease may become active within weeks after the primary infection.
The following people are at higher risk for active TB:
Elderly
Infants
People with weakened immune systems, for example due to AIDS, chemotherapy, or antirejection medicines given after an organ transplant
Your risk of contracting TB increases if you:
Are in frequent contact with people who have the disease
The following factors may increase the rate of TB infection in a population:
Increase in HIV infections
Increase in number of homeless people (poor environment and nutrition)
The appearance of drug-resistant strains of TB
In the United States, there are approximately 10 cases of TB per 100,000 people. However, rates vary dramatically by area of residence and socioeconomic class.
Disseminated tuberculosis (12 images)(Doctor-Reviewed information)
Disseminated tuberculosis(TB) is a contagious bacterial infection that has spread from the lungs to other parts of the body through the blood or lymph system.Miliary tuberculosis; Tuberculosis- disseminated; Extrapulmonary tuberculosis.Tuberculosi...Reviewer: David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; Jatin M. Vyas, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Assistant in Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.Date: 12/03/2008
Chest x-ray (18 images)(Doctor-Reviewed information)
A chest x-ray is an x-ray of the chest, lungs, heart, large arteries, ribs, and diaphragm.Chest radiography; Serial chest x-ray; X-ray- chest.The test is performed in a hospital radiology department or in the health care provider''s office by an x-...Reviewer: David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.Date: 08/10/2008
PPD skin test (4 images)(Doctor-Reviewed information)
The PPD skin test is a method used to diagnose tuberculosis. PPD stands for purified protein derivative.Purified protein derivative standard; TB skin test; Tuberculin skin test.The test site(usually the forearm) is cleansed. Reviewer: David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; and Jatin M. Vyas, PhD, MD, Instructor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Assistant in Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.Date: 09/28/2008
Routine sputum culture (1 image)(Doctor-Reviewed information)
Routine sputum culture is a test of secretions from the lungs and bronchi(tubes that carry air to the lung) to look for bacteria that cause infection.You will cough deeply and spit any sputum into a sterile cup. The sputum is then taken to the lab...Reviewer: Arnold L. Lentnek, M.D., Division of Infectious Disease, Kennestone Hospital, Marietta. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.Date: 11/12/2007
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